TE20170107/LeadersP7/Now we‘re talking
p.s. 编撰规则请阅读我的文集“经济学人”之《经济学人笔记》食用说明；也希望大家能多提意见，自远会及时改进/手动感谢
Daunting [dɔ:ntɪŋ] adj. 使人畏惧的;让人气馁的
1.Voice technology is making computers less daunting and more accessible
2.They were faced with the daunting task of restoring the house.他们面临着修复房子的艰巨任务。
3.The move to Prague was a daunting prospect for the bishop.对于主教来说，要迁往布拉格有点儿令人发憷。
Accessible [əkˈsesəbl] adj. 易使用的;
1.Voice technologyis making computers less daunting and more accessible
2.This device helps make virtual reality a more usable and accessible technolog.这一装置有助于使虚拟现实成为更可用、更便利的技术。
3.This vast archive has been indexed and made accessible to researchers.这个存量巨大的档案室的所有文件都已编了索引，可供研究人员使用。
Sufficiently [sə'fɪʃntlɪ] adv. 足够地；
1.Any sufficiently advanced technology, noted Arthur C.Clarke, a British science-fiction writer, is indistinguishable from magic.
2.Lighting levels should be sufficient for photography without flash.光照亮度应达到不开闪光灯便可以清楚拍照的程度。
3.They have nukes, and if they're sufficiently pushed, they'll use them.他们拥有核武器，如果逼得太紧，他们就有可能会使用。
Indistinguishable [ˌɪndɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃəbl] adj. 难以区别的;难以分辨的；
1.Any sufficiently advanced technology, noted Arthur C.Clarke, a British science-fiction writer, is indistinguishable from magic.
2.The male of the species is almost indistinguishable from the female.这个物种的雄性和雌性几乎无法分辨。
3.Replica weapons are indistinguishable from the real thing.仿真武器与真武器很难区分。
Cast [kɑ:st] vt. 施放、念；casting a spell 念咒语; ~cast-cast
Using it is just like casting a spell: say a few words into the air, and a nearby device can grant your wish.
Grant [grɑ:nt] vt. 授予；给予; （引申“满足”）
1.Using it is just like casting a spell: say a few words into the air, and a nearby device can grant your wish.
2.France has agreed to grant him political asylum.法国已经同意给予他政治避难。
3.It was a Labour government which granted independence to India and Pakistan.是工党政府同意了印度和巴基斯坦的独立。
Cylindrical [səˈlɪndrɪkl] adj.圆柱形的，圆筒状的；
1.The Amazon Echo, a voice-driven cylindrical computer that sits on a table top and answers to the name Alexa, can call up music tracks and radio stations, tell jokes, answer trivia questions and control smart appliances.
2.Beer cans are cylindrical.啤酒罐子是圆筒形的.
Trivia [ˈtrɪviə] n.琐事；
1.The Amazon Echo, a voice-driven cylindrical computer that sits on a table top and answers to the name Alexa, can call up music tracks and radio stations, tell jokes, answer trivia questions and control smart appliances
2.We spent the whole evening discussing domestic trivia.我们整个晚上谈论家庭琐事。
3.The two men chatted about such trivia as their favourite kinds of fast food.这两个男人闲聊了些诸如彼此最喜欢的快餐这样的琐事。
Resident [ˈrezɪdənt] adj.居住的；
1.Even before Christmas it was already resident in about 4% of American households.
2.Similar arrangements apply to students who are ordinarily resident in Scotland.类似的安排适用于长期居住在苏格兰的学生。
3.He moved to Belgium in 1990 to live with his son, who had been resident in Brussels since 1967.他于1990年搬到比利时和儿子一起住。他儿子自1967年起就住在布鲁塞尔。
Proliferating [prəuˈlifəreitɪŋ] v.激增( proliferate的现在分词 )；
1.Voice assistants are proliferating in smartphones, too
2.Computerized data bases are proliferating fast.计算机化的数据库正在激增。
3.In recent years commercial, cultural, travel and other contacts have proliferated between Europe and China.近年来，欧洲和中国之间的商业、文化、旅游及其他交往发展迅猛。
Dictating ['dɪkˌteɪtɪŋ] v. 口授;口述;使听写（dictate的现在分词）
1.Dictating e-mails and text messages now works reliably enough to be useful.
2.Sheldon writes every day of the week, dictating his novels in the morning.谢尔登一周 7 天都要写作，每天早上口述小说让别人记录。
3.Everything he dictated was signed and sent out the same day.他口授的所有内容都签上名并在同一天寄出了。
Transform [trænsˈfɔ:m] vt.改善;使改观;
1.Simple though it may seem, voice has the power to transform computing, by providing a natural means of interaction.
2.A cheap table can be transformed by an interesting cover.一块趣味盎然的桌布就能使一张廉价桌子面目一新。
3.She actually wanted to reconstruct the state and transform society.她实际上想要重建国家，改造社会。
Interaction [ˌɪntər'ækʃn] n.(人与计算机或计算机与其他机器之间)交互作用，互动
1.Simple though it may seem, voice has the power to transform computing, by providing a natural means of interaction.
2.Millions of people want new, simplified ways of interacting with a computer.数以百万计的人们想要新的简化方式实现人机交互。
3.The interaction of the two groups produced many good ideas.两个组的相互交流产生了许多好主意.
Intuitive [ɪnˈtju:ɪtɪv] adj.直观的；
1.Windows, icons and menus, and then touchscreens, were welcomed as more intuitive ways to deal with computers than entering complex keyboard commands.
2.This is a simple, intuitive concept to understand.
Abolishes [əˈbɔliʃiz] v.废除，废止( abolish的第三人称单数 )；
1.But being able to talk to computers abolishes the need for the abstraction of a “user interface” at all.
2.The whole system should be abolished.整个制度应该被废除。
3.The following year Parliament voted to abolish the death penalty for murder.议会于翌年表决对谋杀罪废除死刑。
Abstraction [æbˈstrækʃn] n.抽象概念；抽象名称
1.But being able to talk to computers abolishes the need for the abstraction of a “user interface” at all.
2."Third World" is an abstraction, a form of shorthand.“第三世界”是个抽象概念，是一种简称。
3.Is it worth fighting a big war, in the name of an abstraction like sovereignty? 在主权之类抽象概念的名义下打一场大战是否值得呢？
Carriages ['kærɪdʒɪz] n.(旧时的)马车
1.As mobile phones were more than existing phones without wires, and cars were more than carriages without horses.
2.The President-elect followed in an open carriage drawn by six beautiful gray horses.新当选的总统紧随其后，乘坐一辆由6匹漂亮的灰马拉着的敞篷马车。
3.Around 1910 motorizedcarriageswere beginning to replace horse-drawn cabs.大约从1910年起，机动车开始取代马车。
Ubiquitous [ju:ˈbɪkwɪtəs] adj.无所不在的；随处可见的；
1.Computers without screens and keyboards have the potential to be more useful, powerful and ubiquitous than people can imagine today
2.Sugar is ubiquitous in the diet.糖在这种饮食里随处可见。
3.In the US, the camcorder has become ubiquitous.便携式摄录机在美国随处可见。
Converse [kənˈvɜ:s] vi.交谈;(和…)说话
1.Sometimes it will remain more convenient to converse with a machine by typing rather than talking.
2.They were conversing in German, their only common language.他们正用德语交谈，这是他们唯一的共同语言
3.The two deaf actors converse solely in signing.两名聋哑演员独自用手语交谈。
Resolution [ˌrezəˈlu:ʃn] n.解决；
1.However, to reach its full potential, the technology requires further breakthroughs—and a resolution of the tricky questions it raises around the trade-off between convenience and privacy.
2.They got the successful resolution of a dispute involving UN inspectors in Baghdad.涉及联合国驻巴格达观察员的争端的成功解决
3.They find a peacefu resolution to the crisis.他们和平解决此次危机
Trade-off [ˈtreɪdˌɔ:f, -ˌɔf] n.权衡；
1.However, to reach its full potential, the technology requires further breakthroughs—and a resolution of the tricky questions it raises around the trade-off between convenience and privacy.
2.The newspaper's headline indicates that there was a trade-off at the summit.报纸的大字标题表明峰会上大家作出了妥协。
3.There is a trade-off between the benefits of the drug and the risk of side effects.在这种药的疗效和副作用之间有个权衡利弊的问题。
Manifestation [ˌmænɪfeˈsteɪʃn] n.表现;显示;表示
1.Computers’ new ability to recognise almost anyone’s speech dependably without training is the latest manifestation of the power of“deep learning”
2.New York is the ultimate manifestation of American values.纽约是美国价值观的终极体现。
3.Fever is one manifestation of cold.发烧是感冒的一种表现形式.
Artificial [ˌɑ:tɪˈfɪʃl] adj.人造的；人工的；
1.An artificial intelligence technique in which a software system is trained using millions of examples, usually culled from the internet.
2.The city is dotted with small lakes, natural and artificial.这个城市小型湖泊星罗棋布，有天然的也有人工的。
3.It was the first commercially available machine to employ artificial intelligence.这是第一台作为商品出售的采用人工智能技术的机器。
Culled [kʌld] v.选出;挑选;采集( cull的过去式和过去分词 )
1.An artificial intelligence technique in which a software system is trained using millions of examples, usually culled from the internet.
2.All this, needless to say, had been culled second-hand from radio reports.不用说，所有这些都是从电台报道中采集来的二手材料。
3.Laura was passing around photographs she'd culled from the albums at home.劳拉正在分发她从家里相册中挑选出的相片。
Transcription [trænˈskrɪpʃn] n.录音；转写
1.Thanks to deep learning, machines now nearly equal humans in transcription accuracy
2.The transcriptions of the text were available as early as 1960.原文的转写本早在 1960 年就可获取。
Robotic [rəʊˈbɒtɪk] adj.呆板的
1.Text-to-speech systems are becoming less robotic and more natural-sounding.
2.There is something a little robotic about him.他有点呆板。
Stilted [ˈstɪltɪd] adj.（动作或言语）生硬的，不自然的；
1.Although deep learning means that machines can recognise speech more reliably and talk in a less stilted manner, they still don’t understand the meaning of language.
2.His delivery was stilted and occasionally stumbling.他的发言很生硬，有时还打结巴。
Flourish [ˈflʌrɪʃ] vi.兴盛;
1.That is the most difficult aspect of the problem and, if voice-driven computing is truly to flourish, one that must be overcome.
2.Business flourished and within six months they were earning 18,000 roubles a day.生意红火起来，不出6 个月他们就可以每天赚 18,000 卢布了。
3.Racism and crime still flourish in the ghetto.城市贫民区的种族主义和犯罪仍然十分猖獗。
Coherent [kəʊˈhɪərənt] adj.连贯的；
1.Computers must be able to understand context in order to maintain a coherent conversation about something, rather than just responding to simple, one-off voice commands, as they mostly do today.
2.He has failed to work out a coherent strategy for modernising the service.他未能制定出一条连贯的策略来实现服务的现代化。
3.He appeared hardly capable of conducting a coherent conversation.他好像连话都说不清楚。
One-off [ˈwʌnˌɔ:f, -ˌɔf] adj.一次性的；
1.Computers must be able to understand context in order to maintain a coherent conversation about something, rather than just responding to simple, one-off voice commands, as they mostly do today
2.This car is a one - off model.这种型号的汽车只生产过一次.
3.one-off cash benefits.一次性的现金补助
Bot [bɒt] n.（尤指因特网上的）自动程序，机器人程序
1.Researchers in universities and at companies large and small are working on this very problem, building “bots” that can hold more elaborate conversations about more complex tasks, from retrieving information to advising on mortgages to making travel arrangements.
2.A bot is a computer program that carries out tasks for other programs or users, especially on the Internet.
Elaborate [ɪˈlæbərət] adj.（计划、系统、程序等）繁复的，详尽的，过于复杂的
1.Researchers in universities and at companies large and small are working on this very problem, building “bots” that can hold more elaborate conversations about more complex tasks, from retrieving information to advising on mortgages to making travel arrangements.
2.Elaborate efforts were made to reconstruct what had happened.为重现当时的情景，他们做了大量细致的工作。
Retrieving [riˈtri:viŋ] ( retrieve的现在分词 ) v.（计算机、大脑）检索，搜索（信息）
1.Researchers in universities and at companies large and small are working on this very problem, building “bots” that can hold more elaborate conversations about more complex tasks, from retrieving information to advising on mortgages to making travel arrangements.
2.Computers can instantly retrieve millions of information bits.计算机可以立即检索到数百万条信息。
3.As the child gets older, so his or her strategies for storing and retrieving information improve.随着孩子们长大，他们储存和检索信息的能力也会提高。
Mortgages [ˈmɔ:ɡidʒz] n.抵押借款( mortgage的名词复数 )
1.Researchers in universities and at companies large and small are working on this very problem, building “bots” that can hold more elaborate conversations about more complex tasks, from retrieving information to advising on mortgages to making travel arrangements.
2.85 percent of all American households owe money on mortgages.85%的美国家庭背有按揭债务.
3.National banks can package their own mortgages and underwrite them as securities.国家银行能够合并自己的抵押贷款并以证券形式包销。
Regulators ['regjʊleɪtəz] n.管理者;管理机构;调控者;调控机构
1.Consumers and regulators also have a role to playin determining how voice computing develops.
2.Congress is being asked to investigate why it took so long for government regulators to shut the plant down.人们要求国会调查政府监管机构为何花了这么长时间才关闭该工厂。
3.An independent regulator will be appointed to ensure fair competition.将会指定一个独立的管理机构来保证公平竞争。
Primitive [ˈprɪmətɪv] adj.原始的，进化初期的
1.Even in its current,relatively primitive form,the technology poses a dilemma:voice driven systems are most useful when they are personalised,and are granted wide access to sources of data such as calendars,e-mails and other sensitive information.
2.Primitive humans needed to be able to react like this to escape from dangerous animals.原始人必须要能作出这样的反应以逃避危险的动物。
Dilemma [dɪˈlemə] n.（进退两难的）窘境，困境
1.Even in its current,relatively primitive form,the technology poses a dilemma:voice driven systems are most useful when they are personalised,and are granted wide access to sources of data such as calendars,e-mails and other sensitive information.
2.The issue raises a moral dilemma.这个问题引发了一个道德上的两难抉择。
3.He was faced with the dilemma of whether or not to return to his country.要不要回国，他进退两难。
Trigger [ˈtrɪgə(r)] n.引发其他事件的一件事；
1.Not all audio is sent to the cloud—devices wait for a trigger phrase (“Alexa”, “OK, Google”, “Hey, Cortana”, or “Hey, Siri”) before they start relaying the user’s voice to the servers
2.Stress may act as a trigger for these illnesses.压力可能会成为引发这些疾病的原因。
3.Price increases trigger for wage increases.物价上涨导致了要求增加工资。
Overheard [ˌəʊvəˈhə(r)d]v.偶然听到；无意中听到；（overhear的过去分词）
1.Police investigating a murder in Arkansas, which may have been overheard by an Amazon Echo, have asked the company for access to any audio that might have been captured.
2.We talked quietly so as not to be overheard.我们低声交谈，以免别人听到。
3.I overheard two doctors discussing my case.我无意中听到两位医生讨论我的病情。
Advocates [ˈædvəkeits] n.拥护者；提倡者
1.Amazon has refused to co-operate, arguing (with the backing of privacy advocates) that the legal status of such requests is unclear.
2.He was a strong advocate of free market policies and a multi-party system.他是自由市场政策和多党派制度的坚决拥护者。
3.The campaign is drawing fire from anti-smoking advocates.该活动正受到禁烟倡导者的攻击。
Analogous [əˈnæləgəs] adj. 相似的；类似的；
1.The situation is analogous to Apple’s refusal in 2016 to help FBI investigators unlock a terrorist’s iPhone
2.Sleep has often been thought of as being in some way analogous to death.人们常常认为睡眠在某种意义上来说类似死亡。
3.The national debt is analogous with private debt.国债和私人债务类似.
Refusal [rɪˈfju:zl] n.拒绝；回绝；不接受
1.The situation is analogous to Apple’s refusal in 2016 to help FBI investigators unlock a terrorist’s iPhone
2.His letter in response to her request had contained a firm refusal.对于她的请求他在信中给予了坚决的回绝。
3.They cited Alex's refusal to return to the marital home.他们引证了亚历克斯拒绝回到婚后的家中一事。
Specify [ˈspesɪfaɪ] vt.明确说明;具体指定
1.Both cases highlight the need for rules that specify when and what intrusions into personal privacy are justified in the interests of security.
2.He has not specified what action he would like them to take.他尚未明确说明自己希望他们采取什么样的行动。
3.Remember to specify your size when ordering clothes.订购服装时记着要详细说明你要的号码。
Intrusions [ɪnˈtru:ʒənz] n.干扰;影响
1.Both cases highlight the need for rules that specify when and what intrusions into personal privacy are justified in the interests of security.
2.I felt it was a grotesque intrusion into our lives.我感觉那是对我们生活的一种干扰，让人感到荒唐可气
3.They openly and wantonly carried out repeated armed intrusions into our country.他们明目张胆地对我国不断发动武装入侵.
Simultaneous [ˌsɪmlˈteɪniəs] adj.同时发生的;同时出现的;同步的
1.Computerised simultaneous translation could render the need to speak a foreign language irrelevant for many people
2.The theatre will provide simultaneous translation in both English and Chinese.剧院将提供英语和汉语的同声翻译。
3.The two simultaneous shots sounded like one.那同时发出的两声枪响听起来像是一响.
Render [ˈrendə(r)] v.给予(帮助);提供(服务)
1.Computerised simultaneous translation could render the need to speak a foreign language irrelevant for many people.
2.Any assistance you can render him will be appreciated.无论给予他何种帮助，他都会非常感激。
3.He had a chance to render some service to his country.他有了一个为国服务的机会。
Leap [li:p] n.骤变；激增；飞跃
1.The arrival of the touchscreen was the last big shift in the way humans interact with computers. The leap to speech matters more.
2.The result has been a giant leap in productivity.其结果是生产力的大幅提高。
3.The scale of migration took a quantum leap in the early 1970s.20世纪70年代初，移民的规模骤然扩大。
