Service
service:是一个后台服务,专门用来处理常驻后台的工作的组件。
Service被强的原因:
- 内存不足
- 三方软件清理进程
- 各大Rom厂商进行清理工作
进程被强的机制(LowmemoryKiller的工作机制)
LowmemoryKiller会在内存不足的时候扫描所有的用户进程,找到不是太重要的进程杀死。
static short lowmem_adj[6] = {
0,
1,
6,
12,
};
static int lowmem_adj_size = 4;
static int lowmem_minfree[6] = {
3 * 512,
2 * 1024,
4 * 1024,
16 * 1024,
};
static int lowmem_minfree_size = 4;
- lowmem_adj中各项数值代表阈值的警戒级数,lowmem_minfree代表对应级数的剩余内存
- LowmemoryKiller就是根据当前系统的可用内存多少来获取当前的警戒级数,如果进程的oom_adj大于警戒级数并且占内存最大,将会被优先杀死
- 具有相同omm_adj的进程,则杀死占用内存较多的
根据原理可以进行改进方案:
- 提高进程的优先级,其实就是减小进程的p->oomkilladj(越小越重要),如启动Service调用startForeground()尽量提高进程的优先级
- 当应用退到后台适当释放资源然后降低APP的内存占用量,因为在oom_adj相同的时候,会优先干掉内存消耗大的进程
3.对于要一直在后台运行的Service我们一定要轻
进程优先级
进程的重要性:优先级(越往后越容易被系统杀死)
1.前台进程:Foreground process
用户当前操作所必需的进程。如果一个进程满足以下任一条件,即视为前台进程:
- 用户正在交互的activity(onResume())
- 当某个service绑定正在交互的activity
- 被主动调用为前台的service(setForeground())
- 组件在在执行生命周期的回调(oncrete(),onStart(),OnDestroy)
- BroadcastReceiver正在执行onReceive()
2、可见进程: visible process
- 我们的activ处在onPause(),没有进入onStop()
- 绑定到前台的service
3.服务进程:service process
简单的startservice
4.后台进程: Backgroud process
对于用户没有直接影响的进程
android:process:":"
5.空进程 : Empty process
不含任何活动的组件(为了第二次启动更快,采用的一个权衡)
任何提升进程的优先级
- QQ采用在锁屏的时候启动一个1像素的activity,当用户解锁以后将这个Axtivity结束掉(顺便同时把自己的核心服务在开启一次)
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
Log.i(TAG, "KeepLiveActivity----onCreate!!!");
Window window = getWindow();
window.setGravity(Gravity.LEFT|Gravity.TOP);
LayoutParams params = window.getAttributes();
params.height = 1;
params.width = 1;
params.x = 0;
params.y = 0;
window.setAttributes(params);
KeepLiveActivityManager.getInstance(this).setKeepLiveActivity(this);
}
这就是1像素的布局,但是必须设置style,不然背景会是黑色的
<style name="KeepLiveStyle">
<item name="android:windowBackground">@android:color/transparent</item>
<item name="android:windowFrame">@null</item>
<item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item>
<item name="android:windowIsFloating">true</item>
<item name="android:backgroundDimEnabled">false</item>
<item name="android:windowContentOverlay">@null</item>
<item name="android:windowIsTranslucent">true</item>
<item name="android:windowAnimationStyle">@null</item>
<item name="android:windowDisablePreview">true</item>
<item name="android:windowNoDisplay">false</item>
</style>
开锁管理类
public class KeepLiveActivityManager {
private static KeepLiveActivityManager instance;
private Context context;
private WeakReference<Activity> activityInstance;
public static KeepLiveActivityManager getInstance(Context context) {
if(instance==null){
instance = new KeepLiveActivityManager(context.getApplicationContext());
}
return instance;
}
private KeepLiveActivityManager(Context context) {
this.context = context;
}
public void setKeepLiveActivity(Activity activity){
activityInstance = new WeakReference<Activity>(activity);
}
public void startKeepLiveActivity() {
Intent intent = new Intent(context, KeepLiveActivity.class);
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
context.startActivity(intent);
}
public void finishKeepLiveActivity() {
if(activityInstance!=null&&activityInstance.get()!=null){
Activity activity = activityInstance.get();
activity.finish();
}
}
}
监听锁屏
Intent intent = new Intent(this, MyService.class);
startService(intent);
public class MyService extends Service {
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
ScreenListener listener = new ScreenListener(this);
listener.begin(new ScreenStateListener() {
@Override
public void onUserPresent() {
}
@Override
public void onScreenOn() {
// 开屏---finish这个一个像素的Activity
KeepLiveActivityManager.getInstance(MyService.this).finishKeepLiveActivity();
}
@Override
public void onScreenOff() {
// 锁屏---启动一个像素的Activity
KeepLiveActivityManager.getInstance(MyService.this).startKeepLiveActivity();
}
});
}
}
权限设置和androidmainfast
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_USER_PRESENT"/>
<service android:name="com.ricky.keepliveprocess.onepixel.MyService"></service>
监听事件
public class ScreenListener {
private Context mContext;
private ScreenBroadcastReceiver mScreenReceiver;
private ScreenStateListener mScreenStateListener;
public ScreenListener(Context context) {
mContext = context;
mScreenReceiver = new ScreenBroadcastReceiver();
}
/**
* screen状态广播接收者
*/
private class ScreenBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
private String action = null;
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
action = intent.getAction();
if (Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON.equals(action)) { // 开屏
mScreenStateListener.onScreenOn();
} else if (Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF.equals(action)) { // 锁屏
mScreenStateListener.onScreenOff();
} else if (Intent.ACTION_USER_PRESENT.equals(action)) { // 解锁
mScreenStateListener.onUserPresent();
}
}
}
/**
* 开始监听screen状态
*
* @param listener
*/
public void begin(ScreenStateListener listener) {
mScreenStateListener = listener;
registerListener();
getScreenState();
}
/**
* 获取screen状态
*/
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
private void getScreenState() {
PowerManager manager = (PowerManager) mContext
.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
if (manager.isInteractive()) {
if (mScreenStateListener != null) {
mScreenStateListener.onScreenOn();
}
} else {
if (mScreenStateListener != null) {
mScreenStateListener.onScreenOff();
}
}
}
/**
* 停止screen状态监听
*/
public void unregisterListener() {
mContext.unregisterReceiver(mScreenReceiver);
}
/**
* 启动screen状态广播接收器
*/
private void registerListener() {
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON);
filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF);
filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_USER_PRESENT);
mContext.registerReceiver(mScreenReceiver, filter);
}
public interface ScreenStateListener {// 返回给调用者屏幕状态信息
public void onScreenOn();
public void onScreenOff();
public void onUserPresent();
}
}
- app运营商和手机厂商可能有合作关系---白名单
- 双进程守护---可以防止单个进程杀死,同时可以防止第三方的360清理掉。
- 一个进程被杀死,另外一个进程又被他启动。相互监听启动。
- 杀进程是一个一个杀的。本质是和杀进程时间赛跑。
使用IPC进程间通信adil
package com.dn.keepliveprocess;
interface RemoteConnection{
String getProcessName();
}
两个进程
- 本地进程
public class LocalService extends Service {
public static final String TAG = "LocalService";
private MyBinder binder;
private MyServiceConnection conn;
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return binder;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
if(binder ==null){
binder = new MyBinder();
}
conn = new MyServiceConnection();
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
LocalService.this.bindService(new Intent(LocalService.this, RemoteService.class), conn, Context.BIND_IMPORTANT);
// 把service设置为前台运行,避免手机系统自动杀掉改服务。
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR2) {
startForeground(Util.NOTIFICATION_ID, new Notification());
} else {
// API 18以上,发送Notification并将其置为前台后,启动InnerService
startForeground(Util.NOTIFICATION_ID, new Notification());
startService(new Intent(this, InnerService.class));
}
return START_STICKY;
}
class MyBinder extends RemoteConnection.Stub{
@Override
public String getProcessName() throws RemoteException {
return "LocalService";
}
}
class MyServiceConnection implements ServiceConnection{
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
Log.i(TAG, "建立连接成功!");
}
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
Log.i(TAG, "RemoteService服务被干掉了~~~~断开连接!");
Toast.makeText(LocalService.this, "断开连接", 0).show();
//启动被干掉的
LocalService.this.startService(new Intent(LocalService.this, RemoteService.class));
LocalService.this.bindService(new Intent(LocalService.this, RemoteService.class), conn, Context.BIND_IMPORTANT);
}
}
}
第二个进程RemoteService基本上都是一样的只是
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
Log.i(TAG, "LocalService服务被干掉了~~~~断开连接!");
//Toast.makeText(RemoteService.this, "断开连接", 0).show();
//启动被干掉的
RemoteService.this.startService(new Intent(RemoteService.this, LocalService.class));
RemoteService.this.bindService(new Intent(RemoteService.this, LocalService.class), conn, Context.BIND_IMPORTANT);
}
这个不同
其中有一个问题是出现通知栏,用户会被发现,使用可以开启一个服务去关闭通知栏
public class InnerService extends Service {
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
startForeground(Util.NOTIFICATION_ID, new Notification());
new Handler().postDelayed(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
stopForeground(true);
NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
manager.cancel(Util.NOTIFICATION_ID);
stopSelf();
}
}, 100);
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
}
使用调用
startService(new Intent(this, LocalService.class));
startService(new Intent(this, RemoteService.class));
设置权限和mainfast
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED"/>
<service android:name="com.dn.keepliveprocess.LocalService"/>
<service android:name="com.dn.keepliveprocess.InnerService"/>
<service
android:name="com.dn.keepliveprocess.RemoteService"
android:process=":remoteprocess"/>
- JobScheduler
把任务加到系统调度队列中,当到达任务窗口期的时候就会执行,我们可以在这个任务里面启动我们的进程。
这样可以做到将近杀不死的进程。android5.0以上。
调用方法:
<service android:name="com.dn.keepliveprocess.JobHandleService" android:permission="android.permission.BIND_JOB_SERVICE"></service>
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT_WATCH) {
startService(new Intent(this, JobHandleService.class));
}
JobScheduler类
public class JobHandleService extends JobService{
private int kJobId = 0;
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Log.i("INFO", "jobService create");
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
Log.i("INFO", "jobService start");
scheduleJob(getJobInfo());
return START_NOT_STICKY;
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
}
@Override
public boolean onStartJob(JobParameters params) {
Log.i("INFO", "job start");
boolean isLocalServiceWork = isServiceWork(this, "com.dn.keepliveprocess.LocalService");
boolean isRemoteServiceWork = isServiceWork(this, "com.dn.keepliveprocess.RemoteService");
if(!isLocalServiceWork||
!isRemoteServiceWork){
this.startService(new Intent(this,LocalService.class));
this.startService(new Intent(this,RemoteService.class));
Toast.makeText(this, "process start", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean onStopJob(JobParameters params) {
Log.i("INFO", "job stop");
scheduleJob(getJobInfo());
return true;
}
/** Send job to the JobScheduler. */
public void scheduleJob(JobInfo t) {
Log.i("INFO", "Scheduling job");
JobScheduler tm = (JobScheduler) getSystemService(Context.JOB_SCHEDULER_SERVICE);
tm.schedule(t);
}
public JobInfo getJobInfo(){
JobInfo.Builder builder = new JobInfo.Builder(kJobId++, new ComponentName(this, JobHandleService.class));
builder.setRequiredNetworkType(JobInfo.NETWORK_TYPE_ANY);
builder.setPersisted(true);
builder.setRequiresCharging(false);
builder.setRequiresDeviceIdle(false);
builder.setPeriodic(10);//间隔时间--周期
return builder.build();
}
/**
* 判断某个服务是否正在运行的方法
*
* @param mContext
* @param serviceName
* 是包名+服务的类名(例如:net.loonggg.testbackstage.TestService)
* @return true代表正在运行,false代表服务没有正在运行
*/
public boolean isServiceWork(Context mContext, String serviceName) {
boolean isWork = false;
ActivityManager myAM = (ActivityManager) mContext
.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
List<RunningServiceInfo> myList = myAM.getRunningServices(100);
if (myList.size() <= 0) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < myList.size(); i++) {
String mName = myList.get(i).service.getClassName().toString();
if (mName.equals(serviceName)) {
isWork = true;
break;
}
}
return isWork;
}
}
- 监听QQ,微信,系统应用,友盟,小米推送等等的广播,然后把自己启动了。
- 利用账号同步机制唤醒我们的进程。AccountManager
- NDK来解决,Native进程来实现双进程守护。