英语学习
Why Do Doctors Wear White Coats?
Many medical students dream of the day they can finally put on the ultimate symbol of medicine: the white coat.
But white jackets weren't always the norm. If you've seen a few period dramas set in the 19th century or earlier, you might recall the family physician showing up in a black suit.
Black was considered formal and sober, so it matched the general tone of medical visits.
By the late 19th century, however, doctors and scientists had begun to realize the importance of keeping facilities as clean as possible to prevent bacteria from growing and infectious diseases from spreading.
The color white connoted cleanliness, and hospitals started transitioning to white sheets and white apparel to reflect their idea against germs.
医生为什么穿白大褂?
许多医学生梦想有一天他们能穿上医学的终极象征:白大褂。
但白色夹克并不总是常见的。如果你看过一些以19世纪或更早时期为背景的年代剧,你可能会想起一位穿着黑色西装的家庭医生。
黑人被认为是正式和清醒的,所以它符合一般基调的医疗访问。
然而,到了19世纪末,医生和科学家们开始意识到保持设施尽可能清洁的重要性,以防止细菌生长和传染病传播。
白色意味着清洁,医院开始向白色床单和白色服装过渡,以反映他们对抗细菌的理念。
Dr. Mark S. Hochberg explained in an article for the American Medical Association Journal of Ethics, the color white stood for something else, too: truth and transparency.
The shift from black to white took place pretty quickly, as evidenced by two paintings by American artist Thomas Eakins.
In his 1875 work The Gross Clinic, all of the physicians were in black suits, performing surgery on a man's leg. Less than 15 years later, Eakins painted The Agnew Clinic, which depicts a different group of doctors, this time, in white shirts and coats, operating on another patient.
Though white coats help doctors stand out in crowded hospitals, they've also been known to negatively affect patients.
"White coat syndrome" describes that some people's blood pressure suddenly rise when they step foot inside a doctor's office. Some doctors skip the coat at times to put their patients at ease, especially when their patients are children.
马克·S·霍奇伯格博士在美国医学会《伦理学杂志》的一篇文章中解释说,白色也代表着其他东西:真实和透明。
从黑色到白色的转变发生得相当快,美国艺术家托马斯·艾金斯的两幅画就证明了这一点。
在他1875年的著作《格罗斯诊所》(The Gross Clinic)中,所有的医生都穿着黑色西装,在一个人的腿上做手术。不到15年后,埃金斯绘制了阿格纽诊所,描绘了一组不同的医生,这一次,穿着白衬衫和外套,为另一个病人做手术。
尽管白大褂有助于医生在拥挤的医院脱颖而出,但众所周知,白大褂也会对患者产生负面影响。
“白大褂综合症”描述了一些人的血压突然上升,当他们踏进医生的办公室。有些医生有时为了让病人安心而不穿外套,特别是当病人还是孩子的时候。
美文阅读
㈠至少四十年前,有一首男女对唱的流行歌曲《爱的波折》,我还记得开头的两句是:“有人对我说”“说什么呀?”十分有趣。
爱情能没有波折吗?只怕不能。我很难想象如直线般的爱情,甚至认为,那种平淡的感情,不能算是爱情。爱情是一种激情,起伏变化,毫无规律。爱河之中,若没有风浪波动,才真让人难以想象。
爱情的波折之大,可以大到什么程度呢?答案是:无限大——大到相爱的一双男女,可以反目成仇,因爱生恨。往往极爱,才会变成极恨。小,自然又可以小到下一秒钟便风平浪静。
爱情的波折,就算最大,也可以过去。不过,过去之后,就与此前完全不同:有可能比以前了解得更深,爱得更深(以迎接再一次更大的波折);也有可能不如以前,淡了下来(那十分可怕,因为大多数情形之下,只会愈来愈淡,淡到自然结束)。
不论是更浓还是更淡,都会和以前不同。这就是爱情吸引人前仆后继的原因之一。
㈡“人生天地间,忽如远行客”,旅行,有时就是心情的流浪,因为除了记忆,高山、流水、风土人情……没有什么可以带得走。喜欢旅行的人都有一双穿透外物的慧眼,和一颗与天地自然息息相通的心灵。
梦想,总是在远方;旅行,总是在异乡。在完全陌生的地方失去自己的所有,重新审视自己,享受一种虽是一无所有,但是拥握无限的自由。
一个人生命的范围,就是他走过的路、遇过的人。还有什么景致和有趣的人,是你想囊括到自己生命中的吗?那就——上路吧!
有时候,你与世界,只差一场旅行。
㈢有什么样的内心就有什么样的世界,请相信世界是美好的,如果你不相信,那么你就无法拥有美好的世界,无法拥有美好的人生。