生物气候变量源自每月的温度和降雨量值,以生成更具生物学意义的变量。这些通常用于物种分布建模和相关的生态建模技术。生物气候变量代表年趋势(例如,年平均温度、年降水量)季节性(例如,温度和降水的年变化范围)和极端或限制性环境因素(例如,最冷和最热月份的温度,以及潮湿和降水的降水)。干区)。一个季度是三个月(一年的 1/4)。
BIO1 = Annual Mean Temperature
BIO2 = Mean Diurnal Range (Mean of monthly (max temp - min temp))
BIO3 = Isothermality (BIO2/BIO7) (×100)
BIO4 = Temperature Seasonality (standard deviation ×100)
BIO5 = Max Temperature of Warmest Month
BIO6 = Min Temperature of Coldest Month
BIO7 = Temperature Annual Range (BIO5-BIO6)
BIO8 = Mean Temperature of Wettest Quarter
BIO9 = Mean Temperature of Driest Quarter
BIO10 = Mean Temperature of Warmest Quarter
BIO11 = Mean Temperature of Coldest Quarter
BIO12 = Annual Precipitation
BIO13 = Precipitation of Wettest Month
BIO14 = Precipitation of Driest Month
BIO15 = Precipitation Seasonality (Coefficient of Variation)
BIO16 = Precipitation of Wettest Quarter
BIO17 = Precipitation of Driest Quarter
BIO18 = Precipitation of Warmest Quarter
BIO19 = Precipitation of Coldest Quarter
BIO1 = 年平均温度
BIO2 = 平均昼夜范围(月平均值(最高温度 - 最低温度))
BIO3 = 等温 (BIO2/BIO7) (×100)
BIO4 = 温度季节性(标准偏差 ×100)
BIO5 = 最热月份的最高温度
BIO6 = 最冷月份的最低温度
BIO7 = 年温度范围 (BIO5-BIO6)
BIO8 = 最湿季度的平均温度
BIO9 = 最干燥季度的平均温度
BIO10 = 最热季度的平均温度
BIO11 = 最冷季度的平均温度
BIO12 = 年降水量
BIO13 = 最湿月份的降水
BIO14 = 最干燥月份的降水
BIO15 = 降水季节性(变异系数)
BIO16 = 最湿季降水
BIO17 = 最干燥季度的降水
BIO18 = 最热季降水
BIO19 = 最冷季降水