首先需要在 config/application.rb
中配置发送邮件的相关配置
config.action_mailer.perform_caching = false
config.action_mailer.perform_deliveries = true
config.action_mailer.raise_delivery_errors = true
config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :smtp
config.action_mailer.smtp_settings = {
address: 'smtp.exmail.qq.com',
port: 465,
ssl: true,
user_name: '<username>',
password: '<password>',
authentication: 'plain',
enable_starttls_auto: true,
}
使用脚手架工具生成邮件视图模板,脚手架工具会为我们自动创建发送邮件的方法、视图模板、测试以及预览组件
$ rails g mailer welcome
Running via Spring preloader in process 59807
create app/mailers/welcome_mailer.rb
invoke erb
create app/views/welcome_mailer
invoke test_unit
create test/mailers/welcome_mailer_test.rb
create test/mailers/previews/welcome_mailer_preview.rb
打开 app/mailers/application_mailer.rb
文件,替换 default from
后面的参数为发件人邮箱,如:
class ApplicationMailer < ActionMailer::Base
default from: 'xxxxxxxx@qq.com'
layout 'mailer'
end
打开 app/mailers/welcome_mailer.rb
文件,编辑收件人和邮件主题,如:
class WelcomeMailer < ApplicationMailer
def welcome_mail(member)
@member = member
mail to: @member.email, subject: 'Welcome to My Awesome Site'
end
end
在 app/views/welcome_mailer
文件夹中创建 welcome_mailer.html.erb
文件,使用 html
来编写邮件的视图。如下:
<h1>Welcome to example.com, <%= @member.username %></h1>
<h3>You have successfully signed up to example.com</h3>
<h3>Thanks for joining and have a great day!</h3>
然后,你就可以测试发送邮件了。
WelcomeMailer.welcome_mail(@member).deliver_later # 延迟发送邮件
WelcomeMailer.welcome_mail(@member).deliver_now # 立即发送邮件
Rails
可以支持预览邮件内容。打开 test/mailers/previews/welcome_mailer_preview.rb
文件。添加与发送邮件同名方法,如:
class WelcomeMailerPreview < ActionMailer::Preview
def welcome_mail
WelcomeMailer.welcome_mail(Member.first)
end
end
然后启动你的 Rails
应用,访问 http://localhost:3000/rails/mailers/welcome_mailer/welcome_mail 进行预览。
关于发送邮件更多的资料可以在 https://ruby-china.github.io/rails-guides/action_mailer_basics.html 中查看。