Lesson 34 A happy

discovery 幸运的发现

【New words and expressions】生词和短语

●antique   n.古玩

●fascination    n. 魅力，迷惑力

●forbidding   adj.望而生畏的，望而却步的

●muster    v.鼓起

●pretentious   adj. 自命不凡的，矫饰的

●labyrinth n.迷宫

●musty     adj.陈腐的，发霉的

●rarity n.稀世珍品

●assorted  adj.各式各样的

●junk   n.破料货，废品

●litter  v.杂乱地布满

●dedicated     adj.专心致志的

●bargain hunter   到处找便宜货买的人

●dealer     v.商人

●cherish   v.期望，渴望

●amply     adv.足够地

●masterpiece  n. 杰作

●mere  adj.仅仅的

●prise  v.撬开

●carve v.镌刻

●dagger    n.短剑，匕首

●miniature     adj.小巧的，小型的

●Composition      n. 构图

■antique n. 古玩

■fascination n. 魅力，迷惑力

the power offascinating

for / over / on

Cats haveunfailing fascination for most people

Chinese Art hasgreat fascination for me

have fascinationfor sb.

fascinate

fascinate: attractor interest very strongly

Cats never fail tofascinate human being.

English never failto fascinate students.

fascinated by /with sth.

He is fascinatedwith chess.

The students werefascinated by his idea.

charm

The beautifulpicture charms me.

I am charmed bythe beautiful picture.

captivate

His ideacaptivated me.

enchant 使...迷惑

She was enchantedby the flower you sent her.

fascinate, charm,

captivate, enchant 后直接加ing, 变成形容词

fascinating,

charming, captivating, enchanting 表示‘有吸引力的’

L33-05_34-01  end 14’08”

L34-02  begin 14’21”

She is a charminggirl.

Cats are fascinatinganimals.

The flowers areenchanting.

winning 吸引人的（主要指物品）

Eg: The beautifuldresses is winning.

■forbidding adj. 望而生畏的，望而却步的

having aunfriendly or danger look

He has got aforbidding appearance.

We’d better notvisit the forbidding coast.

forbid

forbid sb to do

sth 禁止做某事

Eg: The fatherforbid his children to touch the clavichord.

forbid doing sth 禁止做……事

Smoking isforbidden here.

the Forbidden City

Forbidden fruit

Forbidden zone

forbid, prohibit,interdict

forbid: 政府或私人下令以禁止

Swimming isforbidden here.

prohibit 法律条文或官方明令禁止

The law prohibitsyoung people under 18 from going to bar.

interdict 法律或教会所不允许

■muster v. 鼓起

collect, summon

muster up /collect up / summon up ==gather / pluck up / keep up

He mustered up hiscourage and walked up to the girl.

■pretentious adj. 自命不凡的，矫饰的

We won’t like tovisit the pretentious shop.

pretend

pretension n. 要求，虚荣，虚荣心

■labyrinth n. 迷宫

■musty adj. 陈腐的，发霉的

■rarity n. 稀世珍品

■assorted adj. 各式各样的

various typesmixed together

assorted/different / various / diverse

different 强调此事物与彼事物完全不同

Eg: The word glareis different from that word slare.

various = all

kinds of 强调种类数目不同

Eg: We have gotvarious books.

in every part /all parts / various parts of the world

diverse 强调性质不同

We have gotdiverse opinion.

assorted :  various types mixed together.各种各样的

assortedchocolates

He bought a bag ofassorted fruits.

■junk n. 破料货，废品

表示“垃圾”的词汇：rubbish / garbage / trash / junk

■litter v. 杂乱地布满

■dedicated adj. 专心致志的

■bargain hunter 到处找便宜货买的人

■dealer v. 商人

businessman /trader / merchant / tradesman

dealer  "商人"侧重于零售，相当于tradesman.

peddler 小贩

■cherish v. 期望，渴望

entertain or keephope, love etc. in mind deeply

Eg: She cherishesthe hope that her son will return.

Don't cherish suchillusion

don't cherish such

illusion that……  别抱有……的幻想

Eg: Don't cherishthe illusion that your father will always pay your debts.

■amply adv. 足够地

ample/enough /sufficient / adequate

enough :  数量，程度足够 (可放在名词前或后)

ample :    充足而有余的

sufficent 比enough 正式，且只能放在名词前面

The bread is justenough for one meal.

He is old enoughto go to the party.

We have sufficientfood to last one week.

We have enoughfood / food enough to last one week.

sufficiently 只放在被修饰词前

old enough /sufficiently old

adequate 数量和质量上的满足

The performance isadequate.

Don’t be worried.They have gotten ample time.

ample / adequate /sufficient / enough

Whatever you do,you must put your heart into it. And then, someday you will be rewarded amply.

■masterpiece n. 杰作

■mere adj. 仅仅的

■prise v. 撬开

■carve v. 镌刻

■dagger n. 短剑，匕首

■miniature adj. 小巧的，小型的

■Composition n. 构图

【Text】要求全文背诵

§ Lesson 34 A happy discovery 幸运的发现

[if !vml]

[endif] Listen to thetape then answer the question below.

what was the‘happy discovery’?

[if !vml][endif]Antique shops exert a peculiar fascinationon a great many people. The more expensive kind of antique shop where rareobjects are beautifully displayed in glass cases to keep them free from dust isusually a forbidding place. But no one has to muster up courage to enter a lesspretentious antique shop. There is always hope that in its labyrinth of musty,dark, disordered rooms a real rarity will be found amongst the piles ofassorted junk that litter the floors.

No one discovers ararity by chance. A truly dedicated bargain hunter must have patience, andabove all, the ability to recognize the worth of something when he sees it. Todo this, he must be at least as knowledgeable as the dealer. Like a scientistbent on making a discovery, he must cherish the hope that one day he will beamply rewarded.

My old friend,

Frank Halliday, is just such a person. He has often described to me how he

picked up a masterpiece for a mere ￡50. OneSaturday morning, Frank visited an antique shop in my neighbourhood. As he hadnever been there before, he found a great deal to interest him. The morningpassed rapidly and Frank was about to leave when he noticed a large packingcase lying on the floor. The dealer told him that it had just come in, but thathe could not be bothered to open it. Frank begged him to do so and the dealerreluc-

tantly prised it open. The contents were disappointing. Apart from aninteresting-looking carved dagger, the box was full of crockery, much of itbroken. Frank gently lifted the crockery out of the box and suddenly noticed aminiature Painting at the bottom of the packing case. As its composition andline reminded him of an Italian painting he knew well, he decided to buy it.Glancing at it briefly, the dealer told him that it was worth

￡50. Frank could hardly conceal his excitement, for heknew that he had made a real discovery. The tiny painting proved to be anunknown masterpiece by Correggio and was worth thousands of pounds.

参考译文

古玩店对许多人来说有一种特殊的魅力。高档一点的古玩店为了防尘，把文物漂亮地陈列在玻璃柜子里，那里往往令人望而却步。而对不太装腔作势的古玩店，无论是谁都不用壮着胆子才敢往里进。人们还常常有希望在发霉、阴暗、杂乱无章、迷宫般的店堂里，从杂乱地摆放在地面上的、一堆堆各式各样的破烂货里找到一件稀世珍品。

无论是谁都不会一下子就发现一件珍品。一个到处找便宜的人必须具有耐心，而且最重要的是看到珍品时要有鉴别珍品的能力。要做到这一点，他至少要像古董商一样懂行。他必须像一个专心致志进行探索的科学家那样抱有这样的希望，即终有一天，他的努力会取得丰硕的成果。

我的老朋友弗兰克.哈利戴正是这样一个人。他多次向我详细讲他如何只花50英镑便买到一位名家的杰作。一个星期六的上午，弗兰克去了我家附近的一家古玩店。由于他从未去过那儿，结果他发现许多有趣的东西。上午很快过去了，弗兰克正准备离去，突然看见地板上放着一只体积很大的货箱。古董商告诉他那只货箱刚到不久，但他嫌麻烦不想把它打开。经弗兰克恳求，古董商才勉强把货箱撬开了。箱内东西令人失望。除了一柄式样别致、雕有花纹的匕首外，货箱内装满陶器，而且大部分都已破碎裂。弗兰克轻轻地把陶器拿出箱子，突然发现在箱底有一幅微型画，画面构图与纸条使他想起一幅他所熟悉的意大利画，于是他决定将画买了下来。古董商漫不经心看了一眼那幅画，告诉弗兰克那画值50英镑。弗兰克几乎无法掩饰自己兴奋的心情，因为他明白自己发现了一件珍品。那幅不大的画原来是柯勒乔的一幅未被发现的杰作，价值几十万英镑。

【课文讲解】

Antique shopsexert a peculiar fascination on a great many people.

L34-02  end 14’21”

L34-03  begin 14’00”

exert a peculiar

fascination on sb 对某人有一种特殊的魅力

Antique shipsappeak to a great many people.

Shoe shops exert apeculiar fascination on a great many ladies.

The more expensivekind of antique shop is usually a forbidding place.

rare objects 珍品

rarity

keep sb. or sth.free from

You can’t keepyourselves free from anxieties like tramps.

We put our booksin bookcase to keep them free from dust.

The forbiddingantique shop is pretentious.

The more expensivekind of clothing shop is usually a forbidding place. But no one has to musterup courage to enter a less pretentious clothing shop.

There is always

hope that …… 人们还常常希望

We cherish thehope that ......

Pieces of paperlitter the floor. / The floor is littered with pieces of paper.

paragraph 1  Key structure

exert a peculiar

fascination on sb 对某人有一种特殊的魅力

keep sb. or sth.free from

muster up courage

a less pretentiousshop

There is alwayshope that  …… 人们还常常希望

by chance / byaccident

dedicated /concentrated

Eg: He is a trulydedicated scholar.

He is a trulydedicated English learner.

above all : mostimportant of all

To do this: inorder to discover a rarity

be bent on/ bentupon doing sth/ be determined on doing sth/ be devoted to sth. /be engageed indoing

潜心于,专心于……

Eg: He is bent onwinning the game.

He is bent onbecoming a bridge player.

L34-03  end 14’00”

L34-04  begin 13’59”

There is alwayshope that ...

cherish the hopethat...

You must cherishthe hope that one day you will be amply reward.

Paragraph 2 Keystructure

by chance

a truly dedicatedperson

above all

the ability to dosomething

as knowledgeableas

bent on doing

cherish the hopethat...

Paragraph 3

for 花费

a mere : only

He found a lot ofinteresting things.

be about to dosth.

be about to when……正要……的时候……（发生某事）

Eg: I was about toleave when the telehone rang.

    He was about to lock door when his friend visitedhim.

bother: trouble

Don’t bother /trouble to come here tomorrow.

I would not liketo be bothered / troubled by you every day.

disturb

The news hasdistured me very much

It is disturbingto think that a wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.

disturbing /disturbed

trouble在含义上介于disturb / bother 之间

apart from 除......之外，还有

in addtion to

except

Eg: Apart from aslight headache, I feel all right now.

the box was fullof crockery, and much of it was broken.

Dish is done, hebegged his wife not to sweep the floor.

She ran into theroom, her face covered with tears.

He lay in bed, hisface exposed.

at the bottom of 在底部

at the top of 在顶部

remind sb. of

conceal one’s

excitement 掩饰激动心情

make a realdiscovery

hundreds of

thousands of 几十万

Paragraph 3 Keystructure

for a mere ￡50

im my neighbourhood

he found a greatdeal to interest him

was about to dowhen

The dealer toldhim that it had just come in, but that he could not be bothered to open it.

prised it open

Apart from

much of it broken

at the bottom of

reminded sb. ofsth.

for he knew thathe had made a real discovery

was worth hundredsof thousands of pounds

L34-04  end 13’59”

L 34-05  begin 10’59”

【Multiple choice questions】

Comprehension

1  When Frank Halliday visited an antique shopin the writer’s neighbourhood _____ .

a. it was by no

means the first time he had picked up a masterpiece for ￡50

b. he displayedthe kind of perseverance needed to find a rarity

c. he spent ashort time searching in the morning before deciding to leave

d. he found mostof what he looked at rather boring

displayed the kind

of perseverance 展现出坚韧不拔的毅力

过去分词做定语修饰perseverance

perseveranceneeded to do

perseveranceneeded to learn English well

Our studentsdisplayed the kind of perseverance needed to learn English well.

2  How did Frank come to discover the miniatureby Correggio?

a. He was shown itby the dealer who did not realize its worth.

b. He persuadedthe dealer to open the box in which it happened to be.

c. By concealinghis excitement on being told the price wanted for it.

d. By lifting abox of crockery which had been concealing the painting.

happen to be 恰巧

3  Frank decided to buy the miniature because_____ .

a. it was anItalian painting he knew well

b. it only cost ￡50

c. he knew he hadmade a real discovery

d. it was similarto a painting he knew well

Structure

4  Rare objects are beautifully displayed inglass cases _____ them free from dust. (ll.2-4)

a. which arekeeping    b. which keep    c. who keep    d. and kept

原文：to keep them free from dust

which 引导定语从句，限定glass cases

5  But it is not necessary _____ up courage toenter an ordinary sho.(ll.4-5)

a. for nobody tomuster    b. to have mustered    c. that one musters   d. for anyone tomuster

ordinary ==>less pretentious

it is notnecessary ...

6  A bargain hunter must have patience, andabove all, _____ recognize the worth of … (ll.8-9)

a. can   b. is able to    c. ba able to    d. be capable of

the ability

be able to do ==have the ability to do

be capable of + 动名词

7  _____ there, he found a great deal tointerest him. (ll.13-14)

a. This being hisfirst visit    b. Never having beenbefore

c. This being hisfirst time to visit    d. Having neverbeen before

he had never beenthere before ...

b选项应为：Never having been there before,

c选项：the first time to do sth. 要去做某事

8  The dealer told him it _____ him￡50. (ll.20-21)

a. cost    b. had cost    c. will cost    d. would cost

cost 的相应形式

Vocabulary

9  Frank visited an antique shop _____ . (l.13)

a. next door    b. inmy county    c. near my home    d. owned by my neighbour

in myneighbourhood == near my home

10  Frank was _____ leaving when … (ll.14-15)

a. almost    b. just   c. only    d. hardly

just ...when...: 刚......就......; 正在...... 突然

11  A case which needs prising open has probablybeen _____ …(ll.15-17)

a. naileddown    b. roped    c. locked   d. unlocked

nailed down: 用钉子钉住

rope:用绳子拴住，捆住

12  The dealer gave it a brief _____ and told him… (ll.20-21)

a. peer    b. eye   c. glance    d. regard

Glancing at itbriefly

give sth. a briefglance

peer :眯着眼睛看

重点习题：2、7、10。

【Key to Multiple choice questions】

1. B   2. B  3. C   4. B   5. D  6. C   7. A   8. D  9. C   10. B   11. A  12. C

L34-05  8’33”         [ Lesson 34  56:42 ]

（L34-05_35-01  begin 2’22”）      [Lesson 35  42:05 ]

§ Lesson 35 Justice was done 伸张正义

【New words and expressions】生词和短语

●justice    n.正义，公正；司法

●coust n.法院

●law    n.法律

●innocence    n.无辜

●undertake    v.承担，着手做

●arduous  adj.艰苦的，艰难的

●abstract  adj.抽象的

●concept  n.概念，观念

●mete out 给予，处置

●interference  n. 干涉

●accord    n.一致

●premises n.房屋

●convert   v.转变，改变

●disused   adj.不再用的，废弃的

●fireplace n.壁炉

●muffle    v.捂住，厌抑

●chip   v.砍，削，凿

●bkacken  v.不变黑

●emerge   v.（从某处）出现

●justice n. 正义，公正；司法

Justice is done 正义得到伸张

bring justice to

the criminal 把罪犯缉拿归案

do justice to sb 公正地对待某人

give oneself up to

justice 自首

in justice to sth/

sb. 为了对……公正起见

Eg: They decided

to investigate the case in justice to person.为了对这件案件公正起见，他们决定调查这个案件

L34-05_35-01  end 10’59”

L35-02  begin 10’07”

injustice 不公平，不公正

●coust n. 法院

●law n. 法律

take law into

one's own hand 无法无天

take the law of sb控告

at law 在诉讼中

within thelaw      合法

outside thelaw    不合法

lawyer 律师

lawful 有法可依的

laefully adv.

lawless 无法可依的

lawlessly adv.

●innocence n. 无辜

inocent adj. 无辜的

●undertake v. 承担，着手做

take up

undertake to do 承担，开始做

开始做…………

start to do sth/take off doing sth / be engaged in sth / set out to do / set about doing /perform sth.

... on theway  在进行中

The discuss on theway.

●arduous adj. 艰苦的，艰难的

Study English isan arduous job.

-ous adj.

industrious,

laborious,

strenuous

●abstract adj. 抽象的

●concept n. 概念，观念

●mete out 给予，处置

●interference n. 干涉

●accord n. 一致

==agree with

in accordwith       和……一致

out of accord with和……不一致

of one's own

accord 自然而然的

Justice is down ofit’s own accord.

according to: 依据，根据

in accordance with依据(法律，规章，制度),比较正式

●premises n. 房屋

residence 住处，居留地（正式用法）

dwelling   供人居住的地方

house      住房

housing   房（总称）

The housingproblem

●convert v. 转变，改变

●disused adj. 不再用的，废弃的

misused 弄错了的

used      用过了的

second hand 二手的

●fireplace n. 壁炉

●muffle v. 捂住，厌抑

●chip v. 砍，削，凿

chop 砍

●blacken v. 不变黑

●emerge v. （从某处）出现

【Text】

§Lesson 35 Justice was done  伸张正义

[if !vml]

[endif] Listen to thetape then answer the question below.

The word ‘justice’is given two different meanings in the text. What is the distinction betweenthem?

[if !vml][endif]The word justice is usually associated withcourts of law. We might say that justice has been done when a man's innocenceor guilt has been proved beyond doubt. Justice is part of the complex machineryof the law. Those who seek it, undertake an arduous journey and can never besure that they will find it. Judges, however wise or eminent, are human and canmake mistakes.

    Thereare rare instances when justice almost ceases to be an abstract conception.Reward or punishment are meted out quite independent of human interference. Atsuch times, justice acts like a living force. When we use a phrase like itserves him right, we are, in part, admitting that a certain set ofcircumstances has enabled justice to act of its own accord.

When a thief wascaught on the premises of a large fur store one morning, the shop assistantsmust have found it impossible to resist the temptation to say 'it serves himright'. The shop was an old converted house with many large, disused fireplacesand tall, narrow chimneys. Towards midday, a girl heard a muffled cry comingfrom behind one of the walls. As the cry was repeated several times, she ran totell the manager who promptly rang up the fire brigade. The cry had certainlycome from one of the chimneys, but as there were so many of them, the firefighters could not be certain which one it was. They located the right chimneyby tapping at the walls and listening for the man's cries. After chippingthrough a wall which was eighteen inches thick, they found that a man had beentrapped in the chimney. As it was extremely narrow, the man was unable to move,but the firemen were eventually able to free him by cutting a huge hole in thewall. The sorry-looking, blackened figure that emerged, at once admitted thathe had tried to break into the shop during the night but had got stuck in thechimney. He had been there for nearly ten hours. Justice had been done evenbefore the man was handed over to the police.

参考译文

“正义”这个词常常是同法庭连在一起的。当某人被证据确凿地证明无罪的时候，我们也许会说正义得到了伸张。正义是复杂的法律机器组成部分。那些寻求正义的人走的是一条崎岖的道路，从来没有把握他们最终将到正义。法官无论如何聪明与有名，毕竟也是人，也会出差错的。

在个别情况下，正义不再是一种抽象概念。奖惩的实施是不受人意志支配的。在这种时候，正义像一种有生命的力量行使其职能。当我们说“他罪有应得”这句话的时候，我们部分承认了某种特定的环境使得正义自动地起了作用。

一天上午，当一个小偷在一家大型珠宝店里被人抓住的时候，店员一定会忍不住说：“他罪有应得。”那是一座老式的、经过改造的房子，店里有许多废置不用的大壁炉和又高又窄的烟囱。快到中午的时候，一个女售货员听见从一堵墙里传出一种闷声闷气的叫声。由于这种喊叫声重复了几次，她跑去报告经理，经理当即给消防队挂了电话。喊叫声肯定是从烟囱里传出来的，然而，因为烟囱太多，消防队员无法确定到底是哪一个。他们通过叫击烟囱倾叫声而确定传出声音的那个烟囱。他们凿透了18英寸厚的墙壁，发现有个人卡在烟囱里。由于烟囱太窄，那人无法动弹。消防队员在墙上挖了个大洞，才终于把他解救出来。那个看来满脸沮丧、浑身漆黑的家伙从烟囱里一出来，就承认头天夜里他企图到店里行窍，但让烟囱卡住了。他已经在烟囱里被困了将近10个小时。甚至在那人还没被送交给警察之前，正义就已得到了伸张。

【课文讲解】

be associated with== be connected with, be related to  与......相联系

we might say that:我们也许会说

L35-02  end 10’07”

L35-03  begin   10’39”

beyond prep. 超出某种范围，限度（与名词搭配）

beyond believe 难以相信

beyond words 难以形容

beyond description难以描述

beyond question 难以置疑

beyond hope 没有希望

beyond recovery 康复无望

beyond dispute 无可争议

beyond contention 无可争辨

beyond imagination难以想像

beyond meature 难以度量

beyond

understanding 无法理解

beyond comparing

beyond one’s +名词   超出了某人的......

beyond his power.

You are beyond hisrecognition.

Your beauty isbeyond my description.

The text is beyondthe student comprehension.

part of 部分(+单数名词)

pars of 几部分，若干部分(+单数名词)

背熟：Those who seek it, undertake an arduousjourney and can never be sure that they will find it.

however== nomatter how

judges:

There are rare

instances when+从句:   在极个别的情况下

There are rareinstances when women are not equal to men.

cease （正式）彻底的停止，暗示动作的突然性

His heart suddenlycease to beat.

sease to do

stop:(广泛，不正式)不强调方式，只强调结果

L35-03  end 10’39”

L35-04  begin 10’32”

quite independent

of human interference ----形容词短语做定语，说明主句的状况

He deserves it /It serves him right  罪有应得

At such times: 在有的时候

we are, in part,admitting that

enabled sb. to do

of its own accord

When a thief wascaught on the premises of a large fur store one morning, the shop assistantsmust have found it impossible to resist the temptation to say 'it serves himright'.

found it

impossible to resist the temptation to say ...（双否）

I found itimpossible to resist the temptation to buy the beauty dress.

come from behind 从后面

promptly =immediately

located the rightchimney

by tapping at thewalls and listening for the man’s cries

Eg: We arelistening for the clock to announce the New Year.

get stuck 被卡住了

L35-04  end 10’32”

L35-05  end 9’34”

【Multiple choice questions】

Comprehension

1  In what circumstances may justice take effectoutside the courts of law?

a. When a judgehas proved neither eminent nor wise.

b. When it has notbeen possible to prove a man’s guilt beyond any doubt.

c. When justicehas been done without the interference of a human agent.

d. When, forexample, a man is caught and handed over to the police.

take effect 起作用

请背熟题干

2  Why did the manager ring up the fire brigade?

a. He thought thatone of the chimneys was on fire.

b. He expectedthem to be of most help in the circumstances.

c. He had notrealized there was a criminal on the premises.

d. He thoughtwhoever was stuck might be a member of the fire brigade.

3  The fire fighters ascertained which chimneythe man was in by _____ .

a. deciding whichof the many cries came from the right chimney

b. listening forthe man’s response th their taps on the walls.

c. chippingthrough a wall which was eighteen inches thick

d. cutting a higehole in the wall

ascertained

Structure

4 ____ wise or eminent, judges arehiman and canmake mistakes. (ll.5-6)

a. Whether    b. Either   c. How much    d. No matter how

5  In our use of a phrase like ‘it serves himright’ _____ , in part, admitting … (ll.8-10)

a. is    b. it is   c. we are    b. and in

6  The staff must have found it impossible _____to say ‘it serves him right’. (ll.11-12)

a. they were nottempted    b. for them not to be tempted

c. to betempted             d. not to be tempted

be tempted to do

7  _____ several times, she ran to tell themanager. (l.14)

a. Repeating thecry         b. While the cry wasrepeated   

c. The cry beingrepeated    d. Having repeated the cry

8  ---- admitted that _____ to break into theshop during the night, he had got stuck in the chimney. (ll.20-21)

a. although he hadtried    b. while he has tried    c. in trying    d. it was he who had tried

In speaking tohim, I found him nervous.

Vocabulary

9  She _____ the cry several times, so she ran …(ll.14-15)

a. heard    b. listened to    c. listened for    d. earmarked

10  They located the chimney _____ by tapping…(ll.16-17)

a. on theright    b. well    c. right away    d. correctly

11  The blackened figure that emerged was _____sight. (l.20)

a. an ugly    b. a sorry    c. an apologetic    d. a poor

12  The sorry-looking blackened figure that _____, admitted at once … (l.20)

a. came tolight    b. came up    c. went out    d. got out

emerge (侧重强调公布于众) ：come to light

本文表示出来

come up 意外发生

【Key to Multiple choice questions】

1. C   2. B  3. B   4. D   5. C  6. D   7. C   8. C  9. A   10. D   11. B  12. D

L35-05  8’29”        [ Lesson 35  42:05 ]

（L35-05_36-01  1’03”）      [ Lesson 36  36:11 ]

§ Lesson 36 A chance in a million 百万分之一的机遇

【New words and expressions】生词和短语

●credulous    adj.轻信的

●improbable  adj.不大可能的

●obscure  adj.不起眼的

●maidservant  n. 女仆，女佣

●presume v.假定

●wickedly adv.心眼坏地，居心叵测地

●plot   v.密谋

●downfall n.倒台，垮台

●naïve adj.天真的

●unacceptable     adj. 不能接受的

●conspire v.（事件）巧合促成

●incredible    adj.难以置信的

●resemblance  n. 相似

●scorn n.嘲弄，挖苦

●acquaint v.使了解

●reunite    v.使团聚

●assume   v.假定，认为

L35-05_36-01  end 9’34”

L36-02  begin 9’32”

■credulous adj. 轻信的 (修饰人)

credible: 可信的，可靠的 （修饰事物）

Eg: The story hetold us is credible.

incredulous

incredible

believable

Eg; He demandedfor believable explanation

unbelievable

■improbable adj. 不大可能的

■obscure adj. 不起眼的

Eg: The busstopped at an obscure little town

令人费解的

An obscure figurecan be seen through the fog.

vague 多用于比喻意，指不明确说明而造成的模糊不清

■maidservant n. 女仆，女佣

■presume v. 假定

vt.

presume that

presume: 假定 (根据过去的经验和感觉作出决断)

assume : 武断的，把尚未证实的作为依据，与事实不相符合

Eg: Let us assumethat your words are fact

suppose : 最普通的用词，猜想、陈述自己的看法

Eg: I suppose thatit was my fault.

■wickedly adv. 心眼坏地，居心叵测地

■plot v. 密谋

The criminals wereplotting to rob the bank.

conspire: 众多人合谋做重大的犯法勾当，犹指反叛，不用于修饰单个人

scheme: 某人暗中设计狡诈的手段来谋求自己的私利

The man is schemefor power.

■downfall n. 倒台，垮台

■naïve adj. 天真的

■unacceptable adj. 不能接受的

■conspire v. （事件）巧合促成

vi.

The weather andcar trouble conspire to spoil our vacation.

■incredible adj. 难以置信的

■resemblance n. 相似

likeness: 最普通的用语，比resemblance意味要强

bear a strongresemblance to sb. or sth.

The girl bears astrong resemblance to her sister.

such a resemblance

resemble 特别是指外观或外在性质的相似

similarity:性质、特色、程度的相似

The two enventswhich happened at the same time have got similarity

similar to sth. orsb.

They have gotclose likeness.

L36-02  end 9’32”

L36-03  begin 9’14”

■scorn n. 嘲弄，挖苦

pour scorn on

pour contempt on

pour ridicule on 对……嘲弄，挖苦，斥之以鼻

pour heap

Eg: He pouredscorn on his wife’s suggestion.

look down upon /think scorn of  藐视

contempt: 蔑视，强烈谴责某人或某事低贱、卑鄙，语气强于scorn

despite:  语气较弱，表示嘲弄

Eg: His suggestionwas dismissed with scorn.

His face showedthe scorn he felt.

■acquaint v. 使了解

be acquainted with

sth. 对……有所了解

acquaint sb. with

sth. / acquaint sb. of sth. 告之某人某事

make a person

acquainted with sb. 介绍某人同另一个人认识

Let me make ...

acquainted with you (正式用法)

acquaintance n. 熟人

■reunite v. 使团聚

■assume v. 假定，认为

【Text】

§ Lesson 36 A chance in a million 百万分之一的机遇

[if !vml]

[endif] Listen to thetape then answer the question below.

What was thechance in a million?

[if !vml][endif]We are less credulous than we used to be.In the nineteenth century, a novelist would bring his story to a conclusion by presentinghis readers with a series of coincidences ---- most of them wildly improbable.Readers happily accepted the fact that an obscure maidservant was really thehero's mother. A long-lost brother, who was presumed dead, was really alive allthe time and wickedly plotting to bring about the hero's downfall. And so on.Modern readers would find such naive solutions totally unacceptable. Yet, inreal life, circumstances do sometimes conspire to bring about coincidences whichanyone but a nineteenth century novelist would find incredible.

When I was a boy,my grandfather told me how a German taxi driver, Franz Bussman, found a brotherwho was thought to have been killed twenty years before. While on a walkingtour with his wife, he stopped to talk to a workman. After they had gone on,Mrs Bussman commented on the workman's close resemblance to her husband andeven suggested that he might be his brother. Franz poured scorn on the idea,pointing out that his brother had been killed in action during the war. ThoughMrs Bussman was fully acquainted with this story, she thought that there was achance in a million that she might be right. A few days later, she sent a boyto the workman to ask him if his name was Hans Bussman, Needless to say, theman's name was Hans Bussman and he really was Franz's long-lost brother. Whenthe brothers were reunited, Hans explained how it was that he was still alive.After having been wounded towards the end of the war, he had been sent tohospital and was separated from his unit. The hospital had been bombed and Hanshad made his way back into Western Germany on foot. Meanwhile, his unit waslost and all records of him had been destroyed. Hans returned to his familyhome, but the house had been bombed and no one in the neighbourhood knew whathad become of the inhabitants. Assuming that his family had been killed duringan air raid, Hans settled down in a village fifty miles away where he hadremained ever since.

参考译文

我们不再像以往那样轻易相信别人了。在19世纪，小说家常在小说结尾处给读者准备一系列的巧合——大部分是牵强附会，极不可能的。当时的读者却愉快地接受这样一些事实，一个低贱的女佣实际上是主人公的母亲；主人公一位长期失散的兄弟，大家都以为死了，实际上一直活着，并且正在策划暗算主人公；如此等等，现代读者会觉得这种天真的结局完全无法接受。不过，在现实生活中，有时确实会出现一些巧合，这些巧合除了19世纪小说家外谁也不会相信。

当我是个孩子的时候，我祖父给我讲了一位德国出租汽车司机弗朗兹。巴斯曼如何找到了据信已在20年前死去的兄弟的事。一次，他与妻子徒步旅行。途中，停下来与一个工人交谈，接着他们继续往前走去。巴斯曼夫人说那工人与她丈夫相貌很像，甚至猜测他可能就是她丈夫的兄弟。弗朗兹对此不屑一顾，指出他兄弟已经在战争中阵亡了。尽管巴斯曼夫人熟知这个情况，但她仍然认为自己的想法仍有百万分之一的可能性。几天后，她派了一个男孩去问那人是否叫汉斯.巴斯曼。不出巴斯曼夫人所料，那人的名字真是汉斯.巴斯曼，他确实是弗朗兹失散多年的兄弟。兄弟俩团聚之时，汉斯说明了他活下来的经过，战争即将结束时，他负伤被送进医院，并与部队失去联系。医院遭到轰炸，汉斯步行回到了西德。与此同时，他所在部队被击溃，他的所有档案材料全部毁于战火。汉斯重返故里，但他的家已被炸毁，左邻右舍谁也不知原住户的下落，汉斯以为全家人都在空袭中遇难，于是便在距此50英里外的一座村子里定居下来，直至当日。

【课文讲解】

It is a chance ina million to meet you here.

He let out ascream that must can be heard in Peru.

背熟：We are less credulous than we used to be.

We are not sohonest as we used to be.

谓语动词是be动词的时候用used

to be,而不用used to

谓语动词是实义动词的时候用used to

He works less hardthan he used to.

bring sth to a

conclusion 结束 == bring sth to a close(更正式)

Eg: They decidedto bring the meeting to a conclusion.

    It was ... who brought meeting to a close.

present sb with

sth. 向某人提供了……== present sth to sb.

背熟：who was presumed dead, was really alive allthe time and wickedly plotting to bring about the hero's downfall.

L36-03  end 9’14”

L36-04  begin 9’40”

bring about 产生，影响

Modern science hasbrought about great changes in life.

背熟：find such naive solutions totallyunacceptable

find sth.

interesting 觉得某事有趣

find sth.

beautiful 觉得某物漂亮

背熟：Mrs Bussman commented on the workman'sclose resemblance to her husband and even suggested that he might be hisbrother.

comment on sth 就……作出评论，评价-- remark on

Hans explained howit was that he was still alive.

Eg: I can’texplain how it is that he is still here.

make one’s way

become of ==happen

to 发生遭遇，不幸的事件，多用于疑问句，主语必须是what / whatever

Eg: Whateverbecame of that girl?

    Please explain what became of youyesterday.

用assuming, 而不用presuming;主观上的臆断、无事实根据的。

L36-04  end 9’40”

L36-05  begin 9’15”

【Multiple choice questions】

Comprehension

1  What would a modern reader find totallyunacceptable in a novel today?

a. having for ahero a man once presumed dead.

b. The happiness ahero might feel on being reunited with his mother.

c. Any characterbeign so wicked as to plot against the hero.

d. Two brothers,each presuming the other long since dead, meeting again by chance.

2  When Mrs. bussman suggested that the workmanmight be Franz’s brother _____ .

a. she was toldfor the first time that Hans had been killed

b. Franz objectedto the idea of being associated with a workman

c. Franz was sosure his brother was dead he did not take her seriously

d. they were bothtoo shy to ask the workman if this was so themselves

3  What did Hans Bussman do immediately afterthe war was over?

a. He went tohospital to have his woulds attended to.

b. He deserted hisunit and walked back to his home town.

c. He inquiredafter his family’s where abouts but found no trace of them.

d. He settled in avillage near his home, hoping his family would find him.

Structure

4  ---- his readers with a series ofcoincidences _____ wildly improbable. (ll.2-4)

a. mostlybeing    b. most of which were    c. most of them were    d. which would be most

5  A long-lost brother had not in fact died and_____ to bring about the hero’s downfall. (ll.5-7)

a. wickedlyplotting    b. wickedly plotted    c. been wickedly plotting    d. had been wickedly plotting

6  He stopped _____ . (ll.11-12)

a. in order totalk to a workman    b. a workman for atalk

c. talking to aworkman            d. so that he talked to a workman

7  She sent a boy to ask the workman _____ .(l.16)

a. what was hecalled    b. what he was called    c. how he was called    d. if he was called

8  Meanwhile his unit was lost and _____ hadbeen destroyed. (ll.20-21)

a. each of hisrecords    b. all records of him    c. all records of his    d. every record of his

Vocabulary

9  he found a brother who was thought to havebeen killed twenty years _____ . (ll.10-11)

a. ago    b. back   c. before hand    d. previously

previously==before

10  Mrs. bussman told her husband that he and theworkman _____ … (ll.12-13)

a. had a closelook    b. had the same look    c. looked very alike    d. looked the same way

look表示人的外貌，长相应该采用复数形式

11  ---- there was the _____ chance she might beright. (l.15)

a. remotest    b. scarcest    c. greatest    d. lightest

remote 既表示“遥远、偏僻的”，也表示“微弱的”，特别用来修饰chance, possibility

12  ---- how it had _____ that he was stillalive. (l.18)

a. become     b. arrived    c. resulted    d. come about

come about: happen

become of ==comeabout

多用于疑问句，尤其是How does it come about that?结构中

【Key to Multiple choice questions】

1. D   2. C  3. C   4. B   5. D  6. A   7. B   8. B  9. D   10. C   11. A  12. D

L36-05  6’47”        [ Lesson 36  36:11 ]