Part 2 Analytical Reading
CH6 Pigeonholing a book
从这一章开始，进入这本书的第二部分 ——分析阅读，这本书的重头戏开始了。
可是，作者在第六章跟祥林嫂一样，反复强调 ”书籍分类“的重要性。作者为什么要这么祥林嫂？用一个章节讲分类？分类到底重要在哪里？
书籍分类似乎是个超级简单的事情。图书馆，书店，网上书城，豆瓣，所有这些地方已经把书做过分类了，我们看一眼就知道分类了。为什么作者这么重视？并且把书籍分类作为分析阅读的的第一个规则？
当学生的时候，每一门学科都有不同的老师，不同科目的老师教授知识的方法不尽相同，学生学习的方法也不同。如果把一本书当作一个老师，不同门类的书籍传达知识的方法一定有所不同，我们的阅读学习方法也应有所不同。
”针对某一门类的书籍，应用不同阅读方法“，很显然，正确分类你要读的书是正确读书姿势的前提。
这就是为什么分类这么重要的原因。虽然重要，然而分类又是如此容易被我们忽略的一件事。所以不要抱怨作者的啰嗦，啰嗦是因为有太多太多的阅读者忽视这重要的一个步骤。
跟着作者一起学习给书籍分类吧。
Words & Phrases (每日五词）
1. belles-lettres
studies or writings on the subject of literature or art, contrasted with those on technical or scientific subjects纯文学，美文学（指有别于科技的文学或艺术研究或作品）
2. perplex/pəˈpleks/verb
What kind of book is this? He is going to become more perplexed.
(of something complicated or unaccountable) cause (someone) to feel completely baffled
使困惑, 使茫然
3. perspicuous /pəˈspɪkjʊəs/adjective
This is a classification scheme with fairly perspicuous categories, and most people could probably place most books in the right category if they thought about it.
formal (of an account or representation) clearly expressed and easily understood; lucid
〈正式〉（叙述, 陈述）表达清楚的, 易懂的; 明白的：
it provides simpler and more perspicuous explanations than its rivals.
它提供的解释比对手们的更简单明了。
4. exhortation exhortation /ˌegzɔːˈteɪʃən/
Hence there is an element of oratory or exhortation in every moral treatise.
an address or communication emphatically urging someone to do something
劝告; 规劝：
5. purport verb /pəˈpɔːt/
There are books (most of them are terrible) that purport to teach you “how to think.
声称；自称；标榜；If you say that someone or something purports to do or be a particular thing, you mean that they claim to do or be that thing, although you may not always believe that claim
Summary of chapter 6
Pigeonholing a Book
The first rule of analytical reading is:
You must know what kind of book you are reading, and you should know this as early in the process as possible, preferably before you begin to read.
To know what kind of bookyou are reading, you could find answer from
- the title
- the subtitle
- the table of contents
- preface
- introduction by the author
- index
- blurb
If you want to classify a book precisely, you should know clearly classification firstly in your mind.
the rough classification of books are fiction works and expository works. How to classify expository works?
Principle: the distinction between theoretical and practical works
practical books :
- teach you how to do something you want to do.
- action
- covert knowledge into rules of operation
theoretical books
- teach you that something is the case
- knowledge
感悟：
今天游泳的时候把summary和感悟的构架在脑子里打好了，晚上写的时候很快。
实践是今天最大的收获：
昨天的章节中提到，要成为高能阅读者，知道方法是一回事，掌握方法是另一回事；练习是不二法门。
所以我想，不必等到下一本书，从这一章开始实战，训练自己的阅读能力。在阅读过程中，一边读一边在书的空白处写下脑子想到的问题。
令我惊讶的是，随着阅读的进行，答案依次浮现，那种感觉就好像，作者一层层剥开眼前的迷雾，读完有一种豁然开朗的感觉。不是小说，却同样吸引你读下去。
说到小说，想起昨天ERIC提到这章译本的一个错误：
And a book like The Universe and Dr. Einstein, while clearly not fiction, is almost as “readable” as a novel, and probably more readable than some of the novels of,say, William Faulkner.
译本翻译的是：像William Faulkner所说的
去掉句子的修饰成分，看一句子的主干：A book is like a novel.
什么样的novel， more readable than some novels of William Faulkner.
显然，译本的翻译错了，明明是比如说，William写的小说
say在这里是插入语，比如说：
又是小词引发的错误。
所以，不要忽略简单的事情。如果你觉的这章内容简单，请再好好想一想，勿以事小而不为。炒土豆丝简单吧，可是，多少人能把炒土豆丝做到极致好吃？
