Laravel中常用的命令和方法(二)

101.设置表主键

 protected $primaryKey='art_id';

102.设置默认时间戳

public $timestamps=false;

103.批量赋值保护

 protected $guarded=[];

104.为模型指定不同的链接

protected $connection = 'connection-name';

105.取回多个模型

$flights = Flight::all();

106.增加额外限制

$flights = App\Flight::where('active', 1)
           ->orderBy('name', 'desc')
           ->take(10)
           ->get();

107.通过主键取回一个模型

$data=Navs::find($id);

108.取回符合限制条件的第一个模型

$flight = App\Flight::where('active', 1)->first();

109.抛出未找到异常

$model = App\Flight::findOrFail(1);

$model = App\Flight::where('legs', '>', 100)->firstOrFail();

在找不到模型时抛出一个异常，如果捕捉到异常，则自动送回http 404响应给用户

109.取回集合

$count = App\Flight::where('active', 1)->count();

$max = App\Flight::where('active', 1)->max('price');

110.基本添加

public function store(Request $request)
{
    // 验证请求...

    $flight = new Flight;

    $flight->name = $request->name;

    $flight->save();
}

111.基本更新

$flight = App\Flight::find(1);

$flight->name = 'New Flight Name';

$flight->save()

112.批量赋值白名单

protected $fillable = ['name'];

113.删除模型

$flight = App\Flight::find(1);

$flight->delete();

114.通过键删除模型

App\Flight::destroy(1);

App\Flight::destroy([1, 2, 3]);

App\Flight::destroy(1, 2, 3);

115.通过查找删除模型

$re=Navs::where('nav_id',$id)->delete();

116.Eloquent集合

$users = App\User::where('active', 1)->get();

117.Eloquent集合所有方法###

  • all
  • avg
  • chunk
  • collapse
  • combine
  • contains
  • count
  • diff
  • diffKeys
  • each
  • every
  • except
  • filter
  • first
  • flatMap
  • flatten
  • flip
  • forget
  • forPage
  • get
  • groupBy
  • has
  • implode
  • intersect
  • isEmpty
  • keyBy
  • keys
  • last
  • map
  • max
  • merge
  • min
  • only
  • pluck
  • pop
  • prepend
  • pull
  • push
  • put
  • random
  • reduce
  • reject
  • reverse
  • search
  • shift
  • shuffle
  • slice
  • sort
  • sortBy
  • sortByDesc
  • splice
  • sum
  • take
  • toArray
  • toJson
  • transform
  • union
  • unique
  • values
  • where
  • whereLoose
  • whereIn
  • whereInLoose
  • zip

118.集合对象-map

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->get();
$names=$data->map(function($name){
    return $name->link_name;
});
dd($names);

输出

Collection {#245 ▼
  #items: array:3 [▼
    0 => "百度"
    1 => "雅虎"
    2 => "google"
  ]
}

119.集合对象-all(所有)

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->get();
$names=$data->all(function($name){
    return $name->link_name;
});
dd($names);

输出

array:3 [▼
  0 => Links {#258 ▶}
  1 => Links {#259 ▶}
  2 => Links {#260 ▶}
]

120.集合对象-avg(平均值)

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->get();
$names=$data->avg(function($name){
    return $name->link_order;
});
dd($names);

121.集合对象-chunk(将集合拆成多个指定大小的较小集合)

$names=$data->chunk(3);
dd($names->toArray());

输出

array:5 [▼
  0 => array:3 [▶]
  1 => array:3 [▶]
  2 => array:3 [▶]
  3 => array:3 [▶]
  4 => array:1 [▶]
]

这个方法适用于网格系统如Bootstrap的视图

@foreach ($products->chunk(3) as $chunk)
    <div class="row">
        @foreach ($chunk as $product)
            <div class="col-xs-4">{{ $product->name }}</div>
        @endforeach
    </div>
@endforeach

122.集合对象-collapse(将多个数组组成的集合合成单个数组集合)

$collection = collect([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]);

$collapsed = $collection->collapse();

dd($collapsed->all());

输出

array:9 [▼
  0 => 1
  1 => 2
  2 => 3
  3 => 4
  4 => 5
  5 => 6
  6 => 7
  7 => 8
  8 => 9
]

123.集合对象-combine(将集合的值作为键，合并另一个数组或者集合作为键对应的值)

对应英文：The combine method combines the keys of the collection with the values of another array or collection:

$collection = collect(['name', 'age']);

$combined = $collection->combine(['George', 29]);

$combined->all();

输出

array:2 [▼
  "name" => "George"
  "age" => 29
]

124.集合对象-contains(判断集合是否含有指定项目)

$collection = collect(['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100]);

$collection->contains('Desk');

输出

true

125.集合对象count(项目总数)

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->get();
$contains=$data->count();

dd($contains);

126.集合对象-diff(将集合与其他集合或者php数组比较)

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$diff = $collection->diff([2, 4, 6, 8]);

$diff->all();

127.集合对象-each(遍历集合中的项目，并将之传入回调函数)

$collection = $collection->each(function ($item, $key) {
    //
});

128.集合对象-every(创建每包含第n个元素的新集合)

$collection = collect(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f']);

$collection->every(4);

输出

Collection {#245 ▼
  #items: array:2 [▼
    0 => "a"
    1 => "e"
  ]
}

129.集合对象-except(返回集合中除了指定键的所有项目)

$collection = collect(['product_id' => 1, 'name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100, 'discount' => false]);

$filtered = $collection->except(['price', 'discount']);

$filtered->all();

输出

['product_id' => 1, 'name' => 'Desk']

130.集合对象-filter(使用回调函数筛选集合，只留下通过判断测试的项目)

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4]);

$filtered = $collection->filter(function ($item) {
    return $item > 2;
});

$filtered->all();

131.集合对象first(返回集合第一个通过制定测试的元素)

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->first();
dd($data);

输出

Links {#256 ▼
  #table: "links"
  #primaryKey: "link_id"
  +timestamps: false
  #guarded: []
  #connection: null
  #keyType: "int"
  #perPage: 15
  +incrementing: true
  #attributes: array:5 [▶]
  #original: array:5 [▶]
  #relations: []
  #hidden: []
  #visible: []
  #appends: []
  #fillable: []
  #dates: []
  #dateFormat: null
  #casts: []
  #touches: []
  #observables: []
  #with: []
  #morphClass: null
  +exists: true
  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
}

132.集合对象-flatten（将多维集合转为一维集合）

$collection = collect(['name' => 'taylor', 'languages' => ['php', 'javascript']]);

$flattened = $collection->flatten();

$flattened->all();

133.集合对象-flip（将集合中的键和对应的值进行互换)

$collection = collect(['name' => 'taylor', 'framework' => 'laravel']);

$flipped = $collection->flip();

dd($flipped->all());

输出

array:2 [▼
  "taylor" => "name"
  "laravel" => "framework"
]

134.通过集合的键来移除集合中的一个项目

$collection = collect(['name' => 'taylor', 'framework' => 'laravel']);

$collection->forget('name');

$collection->all();

输出

[framework' => 'laravel']

注意：与大多数其它集合的方法不同，forget 不会返回修改过后的新集合；它会直接修改调用它的集合。

135.集合对象-has(检查集合中是否含有指定的键)

$collection = collect(['account_id' => 1, 'product' => 'Desk']);

$collection->has('email');

136.集合对象-implode(合并集合中的项目)

$collection = collect([
    ['account_id' => 1, 'product' => 'Desk'],
    ['account_id' => 2, 'product' => 'Chair'],
]);

$collection->implode('product', ', ');

输出

Desk, Chair

或者

collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->implode('-');

输出

'1-2-3-4-5'

137.集合对象-intersect(移除任何指定数组或者集合内没有的数值)

$collection = collect(['Desk', 'Sofa', 'Chair']);

$intersect = $collection->intersect(['Desk', 'Chair', 'Bookcase']);

$intersect->all();

输出

[0 => 'Desk', 2 => 'Chair']

相当于去交集

138.集合对象-last(返回集合中，最后一个通过指定测试的元素)

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->get();
$keys=$data->last(function($key,$value){
    return $key<4;
});
dd($keys);

139.集合对象-max(计算指定键的最大值)

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->get();
$max=$data->max();
dd($max);

输出最大键对应的结果

140.集合对象-only(返回集合中指定键的所有项目)

$collection = collect(['product_id' => 1, 'name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100, 'discount' => false]);

$filtered = $collection->only(['product_id', 'name']);

$filtered->all();

输出

['product_id' => 1, 'name' => 'Desk']

141.集合对象-pluck(获取所有集合中指定键对应的值)

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->get();
$max=$data->pluck('link_name','link_id');
dd($max);

输出

Collection {#245 ▼
  #items: array:13 [▼
    6 => "百度"
    8 => "百度1"
    10 => "百度2"
    12 => "百度3"
    14 => "百度4"
    1 => "百度"
    4 => "雅虎"
    7 => "google"
    9 => "google1"
    11 => "google2"
    13 => "google3"
    15 => "google4"
    2 => "google"
  ]
}

142.集合对象-pop(移除并返回集合最后一个项目)

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$collection->pop();

$collection->all();

输出

[1, 2, 3, 4]

143.集合对象-prepend(集合前面添加一个项目)

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->get();
$max=$data->prepend(0);
dd($data);

输出

Collection {#267 ▼
  #items: array:14 [▼
    0 => 0
    1 => Links {#268 ▶}
    2 => Links {#269 ▶}
    3 => Links {#270 ▶}
    4 => Links {#271 ▶}
    5 => Links {#272 ▶}
    6 => Links {#273 ▶}
    7 => Links {#274 ▶}
    8 => Links {#275 ▶}
    9 => Links {#276 ▶}
    10 => Links {#277 ▶}
    11 => Links {#278 ▶}
    12 => Links {#279 ▶}
    13 => Links {#280 ▶}
  ]
}

也可以传递第二个参数，指定这个值对应的键

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->get();
$max=$data->prepend(0,'aaa');
dd($data);

输出

Collection {#267 ▼
  #items: array:14 [▼
    "aaa" => 0
    0 => Links {#268 ▶}
    1 => Links {#269 ▶}
    2 => Links {#270 ▶}
    3 => Links {#271 ▶}
    4 => Links {#272 ▶}
    5 => Links {#273 ▶}
    6 => Links {#274 ▶}
    7 => Links {#275 ▶}
    8 => Links {#276 ▶}
    9 => Links {#277 ▶}
    10 => Links {#278 ▶}
    11 => Links {#279 ▶}
    12 => Links {#280 ▶}
  ]
}

144.集合对象-pull(把键对应的值从集合中移除并返回)

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->get();
$max=$data->pull(5);
dd($data);

输出

Collection {#267 ▼
  #items: array:12 [▼
    0 => Links {#268 ▶}
    1 => Links {#269 ▶}
    2 => Links {#270 ▶}
    3 => Links {#271 ▶}
    4 => Links {#272 ▶}
    6 => Links {#274 ▶}
    7 => Links {#275 ▶}
    8 => Links {#276 ▶}
    9 => Links {#277 ▶}
    10 => Links {#278 ▶}
    11 => Links {#279 ▶}
    12 => Links {#280 ▶}
  ]
}

145.集合对象push(在集合后面添加一个元素)

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->get();
$max=$data->push(5);
dd($data);

输出

Collection {#267 ▼
  #items: array:14 [▼
    0 => Links {#268 ▶}
    1 => Links {#269 ▶}
    2 => Links {#270 ▶}
    3 => Links {#271 ▶}
    4 => Links {#272 ▶}
    5 => Links {#273 ▶}
    6 => Links {#274 ▶}
    7 => Links {#275 ▶}
    8 => Links {#276 ▶}
    9 => Links {#277 ▶}
    10 => Links {#278 ▶}
    11 => Links {#279 ▶}
    12 => Links {#280 ▶}
    13 => 5
  ]
}

146.集合对象-put(在集合内设置一个键值)

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->get();
$max=$data->put('aa','bbb');
dd($data);

输出

Collection {#267 ▼
  #items: array:14 [▼
    0 => Links {#268 ▶}
    1 => Links {#269 ▶}
    2 => Links {#270 ▶}
    3 => Links {#271 ▶}
    4 => Links {#272 ▶}
    5 => Links {#273 ▶}
    6 => Links {#274 ▶}
    7 => Links {#275 ▶}
    8 => Links {#276 ▶}
    9 => Links {#277 ▶}
    10 => Links {#278 ▶}
    11 => Links {#279 ▶}
    12 => Links {#280 ▶}
    "aa" => "bbb"
  ]
}

也可以更换已有键的值

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->get();
$max=$data->put(5,'bbb');
dd($data);

输出

Collection {#267 ▼
  #items: array:13 [▼
    0 => Links {#268 ▶}
    1 => Links {#269 ▶}
    2 => Links {#270 ▶}
    3 => Links {#271 ▶}
    4 => Links {#272 ▶}
    5 => "bbb"
    6 => Links {#274 ▶}
    7 => Links {#275 ▶}
    8 => Links {#276 ▶}
    9 => Links {#277 ▶}
    10 => Links {#278 ▶}
    11 => Links {#279 ▶}
    12 => Links {#280 ▶}
  ]
}

147.集合对象-random(从集合中随机取出一个项目)

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->get();
$max=$data->random();
dd($max);

输出

Links {#275 ▼
  #table: "links"
  #primaryKey: "link_id"
  +timestamps: false
  #guarded: []
  #connection: null
  #keyType: "int"
  #perPage: 15
  +incrementing: true
  #attributes: array:5 [▶]
  #original: array:5 [▶]
  #relations: []
  #hidden: []
  #visible: []
  #appends: []
  #fillable: []
  #dates: []
  #dateFormat: null
  #casts: []
  #touches: []
  #observables: []
  #with: []
  #morphClass: null
  +exists: true
  +wasRecentlyCreated: false
}

147.集合对象-reduce(将集合缩缩减到单个数值，该方法将每次迭代的结果传入到下一次迭代)

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3]);

$total = $collection->reduce(function ($carry, $item) {
    return $carry + $item;
});

输出

6

148.集合对象-reject(以指定的回调函数筛选集合，该回调函数应该对希望从最终集合移除掉的项目返回true)

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4]);

$filtered = $collection->reject(function ($item) {
    return $item > 2;
});

$filtered->all();

输出

[1, 2]

148.集合对象-reverse(倒转集合内项目的顺序)

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$reversed = $collection->reverse();

$reversed->all();

输出

[5, 4, 3, 2, 1]

149.集合对象-shift(移除并返回集合的第一个项目)

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->get();
$total = $data->shift();
dd($data);

输出

Collection {#267 ▼
  #items: array:12 [▼
    0 => Links {#269 ▶}
    1 => Links {#270 ▶}
    2 => Links {#271 ▶}
    3 => Links {#272 ▶}
    4 => Links {#273 ▶}
    5 => Links {#274 ▶}
    6 => Links {#275 ▶}
    7 => Links {#276 ▶}
    8 => Links {#277 ▶}
    9 => Links {#278 ▶}
    10 => Links {#279 ▶}
    11 => Links {#280 ▶}
  ]
}

150.集合对象-slice(返回集合从指定索引开始的一部分切片)

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->get();
$total = $data->slice(4);
dd($total);

输出

Collection {#252 ▼
  #items: array:9 [▼
    4 => Links {#272 ▶}
    5 => Links {#273 ▶}
    6 => Links {#274 ▶}
    7 => Links {#275 ▶}
    8 => Links {#276 ▶}
    9 => Links {#277 ▶}
    10 => Links {#278 ▶}
    11 => Links {#279 ▶}
    12 => Links {#280 ▶}
  ]
}

151.集合对象-splice(返回指定的索引开始的一小切片项目，原本的集合也会被删除)

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$chunk = $collection->splice(2);

$chunk->all();

输出

// [3, 4, 5]

原来的集合被切除

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$chunk = $collection->splice(2);

$collection->all();

输出

// [1, 2]

152.集合对象-sum(返回集合内所有项目的总和)

collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->sum();

输出

15

153.集合对象-take(返回有着指定数量项目的集合)

$collection = collect([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$chunk = $collection->take(3);

$chunk->all();

输出

[0, 1, 2]

也可以传入负数获取从集合后面来算指定数量的项目

$collection = collect([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$chunk = $collection->take(-2);

$chunk->all();

输出

// [4, 5]

154.集合对象-toArray(将集合转换成纯php数组)

$data=Links::orderBy('link_order','asc')->get();
$total = $data->toArray();
dd($total);

输出

array:13 [▼
  0 => array:5 [▼
    "link_id" => 6
    "link_name" => "百度"
    "link_title" => "全球最大的中文搜索引擎"
    "link_url" => "https://www.baidu.com"
    "link_order" => 1
  ]
  1 => array:5 [▶]
  2 => array:5 [▶]
  3 => array:5 [▶]
  4 => array:5 [▶]
  5 => array:5 [▶]
  6 => array:5 [▶]
  7 => array:5 [▶]
  8 => array:5 [▶]
  9 => array:5 [▶]
  10 => array:5 [▶]
  11 => array:5 [▶]
  12 => array:5 [▶]
]

155.集合对象-toJSON（将集合转换成json）

$collection = collect(['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200]);

$collection->toJson();

输出

'{"name":"Desk","price":200}'

156.集合对象-zip(将集合与指定数组同样索引的值合并在一起)

$collection = collect(['Chair', 'Desk']);

$zipped = $collection->zip([100, 200]);

$zipped->all();

输出

[['Chair', 100], ['Desk', 200]]

157.设置session函数

session(['user'=>$user]);

158.销毁这个session

session(['user'=>'']);

159.模板引入css和js

<script type="text/javascript" src="{{asset('resources/views/admin/lib/html5.js')}}"></script>

160.模板页面书写url

{{url('admin/code')}}
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